Examples:
Diagonalization:
If the matrix A has a complete set of n independent eigenvectors
, then A can be diagonalized by using
these eigenvectors as a basis S:

Check:
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Note: as long as all n eigenvalues are unequal, there are always n independent eigenvectors.
Matrix transformation rules
For any old basis S and new basis S' with a transformation matrix P,
any vector
transforms as
![]()
Any matrix A transforms as
![]()
Check:
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