PPT Slide

• At low stresses (?? < 1.0) and eqn. 2.9 reduces to:

? = A1?n` e-Q/RT

where A, ?, and n` are experimentally determined constants.

• At high stresses (?? > 1.2), and the equation reduces to:

? = A2 exp(??) e-Q/RT

The constants ? and n` are related by ? = ?n`

Constitutive Relations (cont)

2-10

2-11

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