@ARTICLE{Shannon-48,
  AUTHOR =       {Claude E.~Shannon},
  TITLE =        {A Mathematical Theory of Communication},
  JOURNAL =      {Bell System Tech. J.},
  YEAR =         {1948},
  volume =       {27},
  pages =        {379--423, 623-656},
}

@ARTICLE{Landauer-61,
  AUTHOR =       {Rolf Landauer},
  TITLE =        {Irreversibility and Heat Generation in the Computing Process},
  JOURNAL =      {IBM J.~Res. Dev.},
  YEAR =         {1961},
  volume =       {5},
  pages =        {183},
}

@ARTICLE{Benioff-02,
  AUTHOR =       {Paul Benioff},
  TITLE =        {Towards a Coherent Theory of Physics and Mathematics},
  JOURNAL =      {Found.~Phys.},
  YEAR =         {2002},
  volume =       {32},
  number =       {7},
  pages =        {989--1029},
}

@ARTICLE{Bennett-73,
  AUTHOR =       {Charles H.~Bennett},
  TITLE =        {Logical Reversibility of Computation},
  JOURNAL =      {IBM J.~Res. Dev.},
  YEAR =         {1973},
  volume =       {17},
  number =       {6},
  pages =        {525--32},
}

@ARTICLE{Bennett-87,
  AUTHOR =       {Charles H.~Bennett},
  TITLE =        {Demons, Engines, and the Second Law},
  JOURNAL =      {Sci. Am.},
  YEAR =         {1987},
  volume =       {295},
  number =       {5},
  pages =        {108},
}

@ARTICLE{Margolus-Levitin-98,
  AUTHOR =       {Norman H.~Margolus and Lev B.~Levitin},
  TITLE =        {The Maximum Speed of Dynamical Evolution},
  JOURNAL =      {Physica D},
  YEAR =         {1998},
  volume =       {120},
  pages =        {188-195},
  note =         {quant-ph/9710043},
}

@ARTICLE{Lloyd-00,
  AUTHOR =       {Seth Lloyd},
  TITLE =        {Ultimate Physical Limits to Computation},
  JOURNAL =      {Nature},
  YEAR =         {2000},
  volume =       {406},
  number =       {1047-1054},
  month =        {Aug.~31},
  note =         {quant-ph/9908043}
}

@ARTICLE{Lloyd-02,
  AUTHOR =       {Seth Lloyd},
  TITLE =        {Computational Capacity of the Universe},
  JOURNAL =      {Physical Review Letters},
  YEAR =         {2002},
  volume =       {88},
  number =       {23},
  month =        {Jun.~10},
  note =         {article 237901Z, quant-ph/0110141},
}

@ARTICLE{Lloyd-Ng-04,
  AUTHOR =       {Seth Lloyd and Y.~Jack Ng},
  TITLE =        {Black Hole Computers},
  JOURNAL =      {Sci. Am.},
  YEAR =         {2004},
  volume =       {291},
  number =       {5},
  pages =        {52--61},
}

@ARTICLE{Clausius-1865,
  AUTHOR =       {Rudolph Clausius},
  TITLE =        {\"{U}ber verschiedene f\"{u}r die Anwendung bequeme Formen der Hauptgleichungen der mechanischen W\"{a}rmetheorie},
  JOURNAL =      {Poggendorff's Annalen},
  volume =       {125},
  pages =        {353},
  source =       {Cited in Carlo Cercignani, \emph{Ludwig Boltzmann: The Man Who Trusted Atoms}, Oxford University Press, 1998.}
}

@ARTICLE{Boltzmann-1872,
  AUTHOR =       {Ludwig Boltzmann},
  TITLE =        {Weitere Studien \"{u}ber das W\"{a}rmegleichgewicht unter Gasmolek\"{u}len},
  JOURNAL =      {Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, {II}},
  YEAR =         {1872},
  volume =       {66},
  pages =        {275--370},
  note =         {English translation in S.G. Brush, \emph{Kinetic theory}, Vol. 2, \emph{Irreversible processes}, pp. 88--175, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1966.},
  source =       {Cited in Carlo Cercignani, \emph{Ludwig Boltzmann: The Man Who Trusted Atoms}, Oxford University Press, 1998.}
}

@BOOK{Cercignani-98,
  AUTHOR =       {Carlo Cercignani},
  TITLE =        {Ludwig Boltzmann: The Man Who Trusted Atoms},
  PUBLISHER =    {Oxford University Press},
  YEAR =         {1998},
}

@ARTICLE{Tegmark-98,
  AUTHOR =       {Max Tegmark},
  TITLE =        {Is ``the theory of everything'' merely the ultimate ensemble theory?},
  JOURNAL =      {Annals of Physics},
  YEAR =         {1998},
  volume =       {270},
  pages =        {1--51},
}

@MISC{Levitin+02,
  author =       {Lev B. Levitin and Tommaso Toffoli and Zachary Walton},
  title =        {Operation Time of Quantum Gates},
  howpublished = {arXiv:quant-ph/0210076},
  year =         {2002},
  month =        {Oct.},
}

@ARTICLE{Giovannetti+03,
  AUTHOR =       {Vittorio Giovannetti and Seth Lloyd and Lorenzo Maccone},
  TITLE =        {Quantum limits to dynamical evolution},
  JOURNAL =      {Phys.~Rev.~A},
  YEAR =         {2003},
  volume =       {67},
  pages =        {052109},
}

@ARTICLE{Giovannetti+03b,
  AUTHOR =       {V.~Giovannetti and S.~Lloyd and L.~Maccone},
  TITLE =        {The quantum speed limit},
  JOURNAL =      {Proc.~{SPIE}},
  YEAR =         {2003},
  volume =       {5111},
  pages =        {1--6},
}

@BOOK{Needham-97,
  AUTHOR =       {Tristan Needham},
  TITLE =        {Visual Complex Analysis},
  PUBLISHER =    {Oxford University Press},
  YEAR =         {1997},
}

@BOOK{Dirac-75,
  AUTHOR =       {P.A.M. Dirac},
  TITLE =        {General Theory of Relativity},
  PUBLISHER =    {Wiley},
  YEAR =         {1975},
  note =         {Reprinted in 1996 by Princeton University Press},
}

@BOOK{Nielsen-Chuang-00,
  AUTHOR =       {Michael A.~Nielsen and Isaac L.~Chuang},
  TITLE =        {Quantum Computation and Quantum Information},
  PUBLISHER =    {Cambridge University Press},
  YEAR =         {2000},
}

@BOOK{Rogers-87,
  AUTHOR =       {Hartley Rogers},
  TITLE =        {Theory of Recursive Functions and Effective Computability},
  PUBLISHER =    {{MIT} Press},
  YEAR =         {1987},
}

@BOOK{Barendregt-84,
  AUTHOR =       {Henk P. Barendregt},
  TITLE =        {The Lambda Calculus: Its Syntax and Semantics},
  PUBLISHER =    {Elsevier},
  YEAR =         {1984},
}

@INCOLLECTION{Toffoli-98,
  AUTHOR =       {Tommaso Toffoli},
  editor =       {Anthony J.G.~Hey},
  TITLE =        {Action, or the fungibility of computation},
  BOOKTITLE =     {Feynman and Computation},
  PUBLISHER =    {Perseus},
  YEAR =         {1998},
  pages =        {348--392},
}

@ARTICLE{Bekenstein-72,
  AUTHOR =       {Jacob D.~Bekenstein},
  TITLE =        {Black holes and the second law},
  JOURNAL =      {Lett. Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis.},
  year =         {1972},
  volume =       {4},
  pages =        {737},
}

@ARTICLE{Hawking-74,
  AUTHOR =       {Stephen W.~Hawking},
  TITLE =        {Black hole explosions},
  JOURNAL =      {Nature},
  YEAR =         {1974},
  volume =       {248},
  pages =        {30},
}

@BOOK{Fraleigh-89,
  AUTHOR =       {John B.~Fraleigh},
  TITLE =        {A First Course in Abstract Algebra},
  PUBLISHER =    {Addison-Wesley},
  YEAR =         {1989},
  edition =      {fourth},
}

@BOOK{Maxwell-1871,
  AUTHOR =       {James Clerk Maxwell},
  TITLE =        {Theory of heat},
  PUBLISHER =    {Longmans, Green},
  YEAR =         {1871},
  address =      {London},
}