PPT Slide
- E=U(internal energy)+KE(kinetic energy)+PE(potential energy)
- Extensive property since it depends on the mass of the system, U=mu, where m is the mass of the system, u is the specific energy of the system (an intensive property like temperature and pressure)
- Unlike KE & PE, the internal energy is a form of energy measured on a molecular scale. It can consist of different modes: translational kinetic energy of individual molecules, rotational energy and vibrational energies associated with molecules, and intermolecular forces between molecules. The sum of all these molecular-level energies is called the internal energy.
- Internal energy is a property of the substance, thus, its change in value between two states is independent of the process.