PPT Slide

• The three roots of Eq. 4-26 are the principal stresses ?1, ?2 and ?3, of which ?1> ?2 > ?3

• To determine the direction of the principal stresses with respect to the original x1, x2 and x3 axes,

  • we substitute ?1, ?2 and ?3 successively back into Eqs. (4-22), (4-23) and (4-24).
  • solve the resulting equations simultaneously for the direction cosines
  • and use:

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